When is Chhath Puja festival in 2023: Date, Time, History, Significance, Rituals and Why is Chhath Puja celebrated?
Surya Dev and Chhathi Maiya are worshiped on the day of Chhath Puja. This festival is celebrated the most in West Bengal Uttar Pradesh Bihar and Jharkhand. This festival is also known by the name of Surya Shashthi. Chhath Puja is very important in Bihar. Nepal is a neighbor of Bihar, which is why Chhath Puja is celebrated with great pomp in Nepal. Chhath Puja is performed to get children and women keep a deserted fast for 36 hours to get children.
Chhath Puja Muhurta
In the year 2023, Sandhya Arghya or Asthalgami Sun will be given on November 19, the day on Sunday. Sunset time is 05 to 34 minutes. On this day, the time of evening arghya will be from 5:29 am to 5.39 pm to the Asthanagami Sun Dev.
Let’s know about the Chhathi maiya
According to religious stories, the Chhathi Maiya is the Manas daughter of Brahma Ji. His name is Shashthi Devi. Shashthi Devi is called the Chhathi maiya in desi language. This word has become so popular in Bihar that everywhere people chant the word Chhathi Maiya more than Shashthi Devi. Shashthi Devi is known as Chhathi Maiya.
Beginning of Chhath Puja
Chhath Puja has a law to worship Lord Surya and Chhathi Maiya. This festival was first started by Suryaputra Karna by worshiping the Sun. According to their beliefs, he used to worship Lord Surya by staying in water for the hours. As a result, he got the opportunity to become a great warrior by the grace of the Sun.
When is Chhath Puja?
The festival of Chhath Puja is celebrated on Shashthi Tithi of Shukla Paksha of Kartik month. This fast is the most special. The first day of Chhath is called Nahai Khay – Devotees take bath in the holy water of the river, the women who follow the Chhath keep the Nirjala fast and make offerings for the Lord Surya. The second and third days are called Kharna and Chhath Puja. Women these days keep a difficult nirjala fast. Along with this, on the fourth day (Usha Arghya) women stand in water and offer arghya to the rising sun and then break their 36 hours of fast. Men also keep fast for their beloved childrens.
The History of Chhath Maiya and Why is Chhath Puja celebrated?
The daughter of Brahma Ji. I protect all children in the universe. Those who do not have children, give them the boon of children. On hearing this, King Priyavrata’s face shone with joy. He narrated his agony to Shashthi Devi. Shashthi Devi turned her hand over the head of the king’s dead child. After this he became a newborn alive. After this incident, King Priyavrata and his wife Malini first worshiped Shashthi Devi. After this, this puja has come into trend. This puja has later become popular in the name of Chhath Puja. Even today, women wish for children during Chhath Puja. Wishes for a son -in -law educated for the daughter. Women who do not have children ask for a vow from Chhath Maiya. On completion of the vow, especially Chhath Puja is performed.
Story of the sixth Maiya is mentioned in religious stories and Puranas. A story is mentioned in the Brahmavaivarta Purana. It has been told in this story that King Priyavrata, the son of the first Manu Swayambhuva, was childless. He was sad for children. He had only one desire, a child should be attained. One day Maharishi Kashyap said to the king- if you want a child, then you must perform a yajna. The king immediately agreed. With all the preparations, the yajna was completed under the supervision of Maharishi Kashyap.
A few days after this yajna, Malini, wife of King Priyavrata, became pregnant. He gave birth to a beautiful son, but he was dead. King Priyavrata and his wife Malini became sad. He started being depressed. It is said that in the meantime a goddess appeared. King Priyavrata asked him- Who are you goddess? Then the goddess replied- I am Shashthi Devi, the Manas daughter of Brahma Ji. I protect all children in the universe. Those who do not have children, give them the boon of children. On hearing this, King Priyavrata’s face shone with joy. He narrated his agony to Shashthi Devi. Shashthi Devi turned her hand over the head of the king’s dead child. After this he became a newborn alive.
After this incident, King Priyavrata and his wife Malini first worshiped Shashthi Devi. After this, this puja has come into trend. This puja has later become popular in the name of Chhath Puja. Even today, women wish for children during Chhath Puja. Wishes for a son -in -law educated for the daughter. Women who do not have children ask for a vow from Chhath Maiya. On completion of the vow, especially Chhath Puja is performed. Chhath festival is not complete without worship material. Bamboo baskets, soup, coconut, leaves, sugarcane, akshat, vermilion, incense, lamp, plate, lota, new clothes, coconut water, ginger, green plant, weather -friendly fruit, urn (soil or of brass), kumkum, paan, betel nut.
Rituals of Chhath Puja
The Chhath puja is observed for four days.
1. The first day is called Nahaay Khay. On this day, people take a holy bath and clean their entire house and the living premises.
Following this, a pure satwik meal comprising lauki or bottle gourd, Bengal gram lentils are prepared. This is served along with rice to the deity as prasad or bhog. The worshiper consumes this prasad and begins the fast.
2. The second day is called Rasiaav-Roti or Lohanda. This is also called Kharna. On this day, the worshiper abstains from even having a drop of water. In the evening they have rasiaav or a kheer made of jaggery and roti.
3. The third day is called Sanjhka Aragh. In the entire day, people made prasad or bhog for the deity and in the evening they offer these to the Sun as Arghya. The Arghya is offered at a riverbank, or pond. People who do not have access to riverbanks, make a temporary pond and offer the Arghya to the Sun. The prasad or the bhog that is offered to the Sun comprises Thekua, Khajuria, Tikri and other food items prepared with fruits, coconut and banana as main ingredients. These foods are strictly vegetarian and are cooked without onion and garlic. During the entire puja, non-vegetarian food items are not allowed within the household.
4. The fourth day is called Bhorka Aragh. This is the same as the third day, except the arghya is offered to the rising Sun.
After this the worshippers break the fast.
Method of worship
On the day of Chhath Puja, wake up in the morning in Brahma Muhurta and take a pledge of Chhath fast by retiring from bathing etc. In this sequence, meditate on the Sun God and the sixth Maiya. The fast does not have to take food on the day of Chhath Puja. Keep Nirjala fast and follow it duly. On the first day of Chhath, there is evening arghya, in which Arghya is offered to the sinking sun. On this day, a little before sunset, reached the Chhat Ghat and after bathing there, offer arghya to the Asthachalagami Sun with full devotion. On this day, bamboo or brass basket or soup is used to offer arghya to Lord Sun. Using bamboo or brass basket, offer arghya to the Sun God. The baskets or soups used in Chhath Puja are used. Keep the entire worship materials well including fruits, flowers, sugarcane, dishes etc. Also apply vermilion on soup or basket.
While offering arghya to the Sun God, it is very important to have all the worship materials in the basket. Put the Nirjala fast throughout the day and overnight and offer water to the rising sun in the morning. Along with requesting the Sun God, the mind should say his mind to him.
Significance
It is believed, who worship them by law by observing the rules by keeping the rules of 36 hours in this mahaparva and worshiping them with the law, they get child happiness, better health, fast like sun, strength. By the grace of Shashthi Devi, every crisis on children is destroyed. During Chhath Puja, women fast for 36 hours to receive blessings from Lord Surya and Chhathi Maiya.
Happy Chhat Puja !
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